Diabetes prevention starts before blood sugar levels rise, say doctors
Medical experts warn that metabolic dysfunction can occur years before glucose levels become abnormal, often without obvious symptoms.
Medical experts state that diabetes prevention must begin long before blood sugar levels increase. According to a report by The New Indian Express, doctors warn that the condition can cause gradual damage to the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves if left unmanaged.
Dr Ravi Sankar Erukulapati, a consultant endocrinologist at Apollo Hospitals, Jubilee Hills, noted that metabolic dysfunction can start years before glucose levels become abnormal. This differs from the common perception that the condition is simply high blood sugar.
Dr Deepak Thiriveedi, a consultant endocrinologist and diabetologist at AGI Hospital, said that insulin resistance is one of the earliest metabolic changes. He identified signs such as a growing waistline, weight gain around the abdomen, and skin darkening near the neck or armpits as possible warnings.
Dr Thiriveedi suggested that regular screening is vital because individuals may feel healthy even while having prediabetes. He recommended fasting blood glucose and HbA1c tests, while Dr Erukulapati advised that people over 35 should be screened.
Risk factors include family history, sedentary lifestyles, high blood pressure, fatty liver, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Dr Thiriveedi noted that Indians can develop the condition at younger ages and lower body weights.
To reduce risk, experts suggest lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise and a balanced diet. Dr Erukulapati stated that losing 5 to 7 per cent of body weight can significantly reduce risk for those who are overweight.